Extremely Rare Primary Spinal Epidural Indolent Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report With Literature Review

Lymphomas are malignant tumors arising from lymphoid tissues and can spread to other organs. Primary extra-nodal locations such as the spinal epidural space are less common. Primary spinal epidural lymphoma (PSEL), which can be either Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's type, is rare. There are different cell types of Non-Hodgkin's PSEL, among which mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is extremely rare. MCL can have an aggressive or indolent course. Indolent MCL in the epidural space is not yet reported. We report a case of 20-year-old male who presented with radiating low back pain for six weeks followed by a progressive neurological deficit in both lower limbs for nine days. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed spinal epidural tumor extending from L2 to L3. Decompression and subtotal excision biopsy were performed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry identified indolent MCL. His neurological status improved to normal postoperatively, and he was referred to an oncologist. He is under observation and planned for radiotherapy. At one-year follow-up, he is asymptomatic and doing his regular job abroad.