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Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
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Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
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Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. One example of a machine is the cutting plier, which is used to cut wires by applying forces to its handles. When equal and opposite forces are exerted on the handles of the cutting plier, they cause the cutting edges to come together and apply equal and opposite reaction forces on the wire, which are greater than the applied forces.
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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
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Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

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A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
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Robot-as-a-Service: From Cloud to Peering Technologies.

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  • 1M2M Economy, Inc (Merklebot), San Francisco, CA, United States.

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Summary

This study reviews Robot-as-a-Service (RaaS) development, focusing on service-oriented paradigms and cloud computing. It identifies limitations of centralized approaches and proposes a new vision based on robot economics.

Keywords:
Robot-as-a-Serviceautonomous agentscentralized and decentralized systemscloud criticismrobot economics

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Computer Science
  • Service-Oriented Architecture

Background:

  • The Robot-as-a-Service (RaaS) concept has gained traction, integrating robotics with service-oriented paradigms.
  • Existing RaaS systems often rely on centralized cloud computing infrastructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of the RaaS concept.
  • To analyze the development of RaaS systems based on service-oriented architecture.
  • To critically evaluate the limitations of centralized RaaS approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of major scientific publications on RaaS development.
  • Analysis of centralized RaaS architectures utilizing cloud computing.
  • Identification of inherent limitations within centralized RaaS models.

Main Results:

  • Several key scientific publications on RaaS development were examined.
  • The analysis highlighted significant limitations associated with centralized cloud-based RaaS.
  • A gap was identified in current literature regarding alternative RaaS frameworks.

Conclusions:

  • Centralized RaaS models face scalability and dependency challenges.
  • A shift towards decentralized or alternative economic models is suggested.
  • The authors propose a novel RaaS vision grounded in robot economics principles.