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Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

A Pleural Effusion Model in Rats by Intratracheal Instillation of Polyacrylate/Nanosilica
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Predictive model for postoperative pleural effusion after hepatectomy.

Hidetoshi Nitta1, Chisho Mitsuura1, Yuta Shiraishi1

  • 1Department of Surgery Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital Kumamoto Japan.

Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery
|June 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new model predicts severe postoperative pleural effusion (sPOPE) after hepatectomy. This tool helps identify patients who may benefit from a preventive chest tube, reducing complications and hospital stays.

Keywords:
hepatectomypleural effusionpreventive thoracic drainage

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary surgery
  • Thoracic surgery
  • Surgical oncology

Background:

  • Severe postoperative pleural effusion (sPOPE) is a complication after hepatectomy, potentially causing respiratory distress and prolonged hospitalization.
  • Preventive chest tube insertion is considered for high-risk patients to mitigate sPOPE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a predictive model for sPOPE following hepatectomy.
  • To evaluate the utility of this model in guiding decisions for preventive chest tube placement.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of hepatectomy patients from 2013-2020 was conducted.
  • A predictive model for sPOPE was developed using identified risk factors.
  • The model's efficacy was validated in a cohort receiving preventative chest tubes.

Main Results:

  • Multivariate analysis identified resection of segment 8, intraoperative bleeding ≥500g, diaphragmatic incision, and open hepatectomy as independent risk factors for sPOPE.
  • The predicted probability of sPOPE ranged from 0.4% to 73.4% based on the presence of these factors.
  • The predictive model effectively differentiated risk in patients who received preventive chest tubes, with higher rates of effusion in the high-risk group.

Conclusions:

  • A validated predictive model incorporating four key risk factors can reliably predict sPOPE after hepatectomy.
  • This model can aid in the judicious selection of patients who would benefit from preventive chest tube insertion.