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Racial and ethnic disparities in paranasal sinus malignancies.

Rahul K Sharma1, Rodney J Schlosser2, Daniel M Beswick3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.

International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
|June 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Racial and ethnic disparities significantly impact paranasal sinus cancer survival. Black patients and American Indian/Alaskan Natives face higher mortality and worse conditional survival, highlighting critical health inequities.

Keywords:
cancer outcomesdiversityendoscopic skull base surgeryhead and neck cancerracial disparitiessinussinus cancerskull baseskull base cancerskull base surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Health Disparities Research
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Racial and ethnic disparities in cancer outcomes are well-documented across various malignancies.
  • Paranasal sinus cancer survival rates have not been extensively analyzed by race and ethnicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify disease-specific survival (DSS) and 5-year conditional disease-specific survival (CDSS) for paranasal sinus cancer.
  • To identify racial and ethnic differences in paranasal sinus cancer outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry for patients diagnosed between 1973 and 2015.
  • Employed Kaplan-Meier analysis for DSS and Cox regression models for DSS and CDSS, controlling for covariates.
  • Used logistic regression to assess risk factors for diagnosis and treatment disparities.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in DSS were observed across racial groups (p < 0.01).
  • Black patients (HR 1.29) and American Indian/Alaskan Natives (HR 1.94) had increased mortality compared to White patients.
  • American Indian/Alaskan Natives experienced worse CDSS across all stages, and Hispanic patients presented with more advanced disease (OR 1.47).

Conclusions:

  • Race and ethnicity are significant factors influencing paranasal sinus cancer outcomes.
  • Observed disparities in survival and treatment are likely multifactorial.
  • Addressing these inequities is crucial for improving cancer care for all populations.