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Alcohol-related suicide across Australia: a geospatial analysis
Tristan Hurzeler1,2, Nicholas A Buckley1, Firouzeh Noghrehchi1
1Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Pharmacology, Translational Australian Clinical Toxicology Program, The University of Sydney, New South Wales.
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
|June 7, 2021
Summary
Alcohol-related suicides cluster in specific Australian regions, particularly Northern Australia and inland areas. Identifying these hotspots can guide targeted public health interventions for suicide prevention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Geospatial Analysis
Background:
- Alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for suicide.
- Approximately one-third of all suicides involve alcohol, defined as alcohol-related suicides.
- This study investigates the geographic patterns of alcohol-related suicides.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the geospatial distribution and clustering of alcohol-related suicides in Australia.
- To identify socioeconomic and demographic risk factors associated with these clusters.
- To inform the design of targeted public health prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Utilized National Coronial Information System (NCIS) data for Australian statistical areas (SA3).
- Employed density and hotspot cluster analysis to identify areas with high and low proportions of alcohol-related suicides.
- Analyzed socioeconomic and demographic factors within identified hotspots and coldspots.
Main Results:
- Significant clustering of high alcohol-related suicide proportions observed in northern Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, and inland New South Wales.
- Areas with significantly lower proportions identified in major city and inner regional Sydney and Melbourne.
- Geographic disparities in alcohol-related suicide prevalence were established.
Conclusions:
- Identified specific geographic areas requiring targeted alcohol-use prevention strategies for suicide.
- Hotspots and coldspots provide a basis for further research into contextual risk factors.
- Findings can inform public health policy and intervention design for alcohol-related suicide prevention.
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