New Vascular Graft Using the Decellularized Human Chorion Membrane

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Vascular Surgery
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Rising arterial and coronary heart diseases necessitate small-diameter vascular grafts (<6 mm).
• Autologous veins are the gold standard but insufficient for all patients.
• Synthetic grafts face challenges like thrombosis and inflammation in small diameters.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a decellularized human chorion membrane (dHCM) as a small-diameter vascular graft.
• To assess the biocompatibility, blood compatibility, and antibacterial properties of the dHCM graft.
• To compare the mechanical properties of the dHCM graft with the saphenous vein.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a 3-4 mm diameter dHCM vascular graft.
• In vitro and ex ovo testing of endothelial cell compatibility.
• Evaluation of blood compatibility: plasma protein adsorption, platelet activation, and hemolysis.
• Assessment of antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus.
• Mechanical testing of the dHCM tubular construct.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated biocompatibility of dHCM with endothelial cells.
• Confirmed blood compatibility, showing minimal adverse reactions.
• dHCM exhibited antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus.
• The reticular layer of dHCM is suitable for the inner graft surface.
• Mechanical properties of the dHCM graft closely matched the saphenous vein.

Conclusions:

• The dHCM vascular graft is a promising natural alternative for small-diameter vessel replacement.
• dHCM exhibits favorable biocompatibility, blood compatibility, and mechanical strength.
• The reticular side of dHCM is ideal for the luminal surface, offering therapeutic advantages.