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An Examination of the Glucose Management Indicator in Young Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Alexandra D Monzon1, Susana R Patton2, Mark Clements3

  • 1Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|June 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

A new formula for the Glucose Management Indicator (GMI) shows strong correlation with HbA1c in young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D), especially with shorter continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data periods.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetes Technology

Background:

  • Previous Glucose Management Indicator (GMI) formulas were not validated in young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
  • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data is increasingly used for diabetes management metrics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a young child-specific GMI formula using CGM data.
  • To assess the relationship between GMI and HbA1c in children aged 0-6 years with T1D.

Main Methods:

  • Extracted CGM data from 215 children with T1D (0-6 years).
  • Compared a previously established GMI formula with a new child-specific GMI equation.
  • Analyzed CGM data from sampling periods of 3-27 days prior to HbA1c measurement.

Main Results:

  • The young child-specific GMI formula showed higher correlations with HbA1c using 18 or fewer days of CGM data.
  • No significant differences were found between the formulas using 21-27 days of CGM data.
  • A strong overall relationship exists between GMI estimates and HbA1c in young children with T1D.

Conclusions:

  • The young child-specific GMI formula may be beneficial for studies using less than 18 days of CGM data.
  • Researchers and clinicians should consider optimizing CGM data collection periods for metric validity.
Abstract

Keywords:
HbA1cType 1diabetes mellitusglucose management indicatoryoung child

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