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Interventions to Prevent Drugged Driving: A Systematic Review.

Amir Razaghizad1, Sarah B Windle2, Genevieve Gore3

  • 1Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Cannabis legalization may increase fatal crashes. While some interventions improve knowledge and attitudes about drugged driving, their impact on reducing crashes remains uncertain, requiring further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Traffic Safety
  • Substance Abuse Prevention

Background:

  • Cannabis legalization is associated with increased fatal motor vehicle collisions.
  • Evidence regarding effective interventions to prevent drugged driving is limited.
  • Drugged driving poses a significant public health and safety concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing drugged driving.
  • To assess the certainty of evidence for various preventive strategies.
  • To identify gaps in current research on drugged driving interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, etc.) and gray literature through May 2020.
  • Inclusion of randomized and nonrandomized studies evaluating preventive interventions for drugged driving.
  • Evidence certainty assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Health warnings on cannabis packaging enhance knowledge of drugged driving effects (high certainty).
  • Roadside drug testing shows potential in reducing drugged driving among cannabis users (moderate certainty).
  • Motivational interviewing and driver education programs show promise for youth and offenders (moderate certainty).
  • State sanctions and laws demonstrated minimal impact on drug-related fatalities/injuries (very low-low certainty).

Conclusions:

  • Interventions can improve drugged driving knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.
  • The impact of current interventions on drugged driving morbidity and mortality is uncertain.
  • Further research is critically needed to address knowledge gaps and improve intervention effectiveness.