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Related Experiment Video

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Pan[dem]ic! Rational Risk Avoidance During a Health Pandemic.

Edward N Okeke1

  • 1Department of Economics, Sociology and Statistics, RAND, 1200 South Hayes, Arlington, VA 22202.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|June 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

During pandemics, healthcare workers reduced patient contact intensity to mitigate COVID-19 risks. This "risk compensation" led to fewer physical exams and potentially worse patient health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Healthcare workers face a conflict between personal safety and patient care during pandemics.
  • Reducing patient contact is a key risk mitigation strategy for health workers.
  • Risk reduction can occur by seeing fewer patients (extensive margin) or reducing contact intensity (intensive margin).

Approach:

  • Analyzed primary data on patient-provider interactions in Nigeria from January 2019 to October 2020.
  • Examined health worker risk avoidance behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Investigated the impact of reduced contact on patient welfare and health outcomes.

Key Points:

  • Evidence of health worker risk compensation along the intensive margin during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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  • Significant decrease (approx. one-third) in the probability of patients receiving a physical examination.
  • Suggestive evidence linking reduced contact intensity to negative health outcomes for patients.

    • Conclusions:

    • Health worker risk compensation behaviors, particularly reduced contact intensity, have implications for patient welfare.
    • The study highlights the trade-offs between health worker safety and quality of care during health crises.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand and mitigate the negative health consequences of pandemic-related practice changes.