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Published on: January 22, 2019
Progress in the therapeutic inhibition of Cdc42 signalling
Natasha P Murphy1, Helen R Mott1, Darerca Owen1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, U.K.
Abstract:
Cdc42 is a member of the Rho family of small GTPases and a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, controlling cell motility, polarity and cell cycle progression. It signals downstream of the master regulator Ras and is essential for cell transformation by this potent oncogene. Overexpression of Cdc42 is observed in several cancers, where it is linked to poor prognosis. As a regulator of both cell architecture and motility, deregulation of Cdc42 is also linked to tumour metastasis. Like Ras, Cdc42 and other components of the signalling pathways it controls represent important potential targets for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we consider the progress that has been made targeting Cdc42, its regulators and effectors, including new modalities and new approaches to inhibition. Strategies under consideration include inhibition of lipid modification, modulation of Cdc42-GEF, Cdc42-GDI and Cdc42-effector interactions, and direct inhibition of downstream effectors.
Insights
Cdc42, a key regulator of cell functions, is overexpressed in cancers, driving tumor growth and metastasis. Targeting Cdc42 and its pathways offers promising new cancer therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Cdc42, a Rho GTPase, regulates actin cytoskeleton, cell motility, polarity, and cell cycle.
- It is essential for Ras-driven cell transformation and is overexpressed in various cancers, correlating with poor prognosis.
- Deregulation of Cdc42 contributes to tumor metastasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review progress in targeting Cdc42 and its associated signaling pathways for cancer therapy.
- To explore novel therapeutic modalities and strategies for Cdc42 inhibition.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of research on Cdc42 signaling pathways and therapeutic targeting.
- Analysis of various inhibition strategies, including targeting lipid modification, protein interactions, and downstream effectors.
Main Results:
- Cdc42 and its pathway components are crucial targets for cancer therapeutics.
- Several strategies are under consideration for inhibiting Cdc42 activity and signaling.
Conclusions:
- Targeting Cdc42, its regulators (GEFs, GDIs), and effectors presents a viable therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.
- New approaches and modalities are being developed to inhibit Cdc42 signaling pathways effectively.
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