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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Quantitative High-throughput Single-cell Cytotoxicity Assay For T Cells
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For whom the cell tolls.

Ivar Noordstra1, Alpha S Yap1

  • 1Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 4072.

Developmental Cell
|June 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Toll receptors control cell orientation during Drosophila gastrulation. New research reveals how their downstream signaling breaks cell symmetry, even with non-polarized receptors.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Planar cell polarity is crucial for tissue morphogenesis.
  • Toll receptors are known regulators of cell polarity during embryonic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the downstream signaling mechanisms of Toll receptors in Drosophila gastrulation.
  • To understand how apparently non-polarized Toll receptors can break cell symmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic screens in Drosophila melanogaster.
  • Employed live imaging and quantitative analysis of cell behaviors.
  • Investigated downstream signaling pathways through molecular biology techniques.

Main Results:

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  • Identified novel components of the Toll receptor signaling pathway.
  • Demonstrated that downstream signaling can amplify symmetry-breaking events.
  • Showcased how non-polarized receptors can effectively establish planar polarity.

    • Conclusions:

    • The downstream signaling of Toll receptors plays a critical role in breaking cell symmetry during gastrulation.
    • These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of planar cell polarity establishment.