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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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A new halitosis screening tool: halitosis finding score derivation and validation.

Berk Gurpinar1, Tolgar Lutfi Kumral1, Huseyin Sari1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
|June 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new 15-item questionnaire, Halfins, effectively screens for halitosis (bad breath). While validated, it serves as a complementary tool alongside organoleptic tests or volatile sulfur compound assessments for definitive diagnosis.

Keywords:
Halitosispatient health questionnairevalidation study

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Diagnostic Tools
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Halitosis screening lacks validated tools for daily practice.
  • A simple, reliable screening method is needed to assess bad breath.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a 15-item questionnaire for halitosis screening.
  • To establish the Halfins questionnaire as a practical diagnostic aid.

Main Methods:

  • 200 participants completed the 15-item questionnaire.
  • Halitosis was measured using organoleptic scoring and a halimeter.
  • Measurements were repeated after 15 days to ensure reliability.

Main Results:

  • The Halfins questionnaire showed statistically significant correlation with halimeter measurements (p<.05).
  • A cut-off score of >14 on Halfins indicated halitosis with 65.75% sensitivity and 66.04% specificity.
  • Content and concurrent validity were successfully demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • The Halfins questionnaire is a validated screening tool for halitosis.
  • It can serve as a complementary diagnostic aid.
  • Organoleptic tests or VSC assessment remain necessary for definitive diagnosis.