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The cardiovascular complications in COVID-19: Focus on acute cardiac injury
1Sahrai Saeed, Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Insights
The review covers acute cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients. It details detection methods and the impact of these cardiac issues on patient prognosis, particularly for severe cases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in late 2019, causing COVID-19.
- COVID-19 presents with a spectrum of illness, from mild symptoms to severe or critical disease.
- Severe COVID-19 involves pneumonia and hypoxia, while critical disease indicates multiorgan compromise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the acute cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
- To discuss methods for detecting these cardiovascular complications.
- To analyze the impact of cardiovascular complications on COVID-19 prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Focused review of existing literature on COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications.
- Analysis of epidemiological data regarding risk factors for severe disease.
- Synthesis of information on diagnostic approaches and prognostic indicators.
Main Results:
- Advanced age, male gender, and comorbidities like diabetes and obesity are risk factors for severe COVID-19.
- Acute cardiovascular complications are significant in severe and critical COVID-19 cases.
- These complications impact the overall prognosis and case fatality rate.
Conclusions:
- Understanding and detecting cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 is crucial.
- Prognosis in COVID-19 is influenced by the presence and severity of cardiac involvement.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the cardiovascular impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Abstract:
At the end of 2019 a novel coronavirus was identified in Wuhan, China. The disease caused by the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was designated COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019) by the World Health Organization in early 2020. Up to 80% of patients with COVID-19 experience mild symptoms with severe or critical disease occurring in the remaining 20%. Severe disease is manifested by the development of pneumonia, hypoxia and radiographic lung involvement while critical disease indicates multiorgan involvement with significant respiratory or cardiac compromise. The current estimated case fatality rate from COVID-19 is approximately 1%. Epidemiological studies have shown that advanced age, male gender, previous chronic lung disease, cardiovascular and kidney disease, obesity and diabetes are risk factors for the severity of disease course. In the current focused review, we present an overview of the acute cardiovascular complications of COVID-19, their detection and impact upon prognosis.
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