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The Prognostic Role of Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Patients with Newly Diagnosed

Chuanying Geng1, Guangzhong Yang1, Huijuan Wang1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 100020.

Biomed Research International
|June 9, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Lengthened prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) indicate a poorer prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). These coagulation tests can help identify patients who may benefit from closer monitoring and tailored treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells.
  • Prognostic factors are crucial for tailoring treatment and predicting outcomes in MM patients.
  • The role of routine coagulation tests, such as prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), in MM prognosis is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prognostic significance of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM).
  • To determine if abnormal PT or APTT values are associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in MM.
  • To establish PT and APTT as potential independent prognostic markers in newly diagnosed MM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 354 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
  • Evaluation of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at diagnosis.
  • Propensity score matching was employed to minimize bias between groups with normal and lengthened coagulation times.

Main Results:

  • Among 354 patients, 43.5% had lengthened PT or APTT.
  • Patients with lengthened PT or APTT exhibited significantly shorter median overall survival (OS) (37.5 vs. 73.8 months) and progression-free survival (PFS) (23.1 vs. 31.6 months).
  • Lengthened PT or APTT was an independent poor prognostic factor for OS in multivariable analyses (HR = 3.183) and in propensity score-matched analysis (p = 0.030).

Conclusions:

  • Lengthened prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) are associated with significantly worse outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM).
  • These coagulation parameters serve as independent indicators of poor prognosis for overall survival in MM patients.
  • Routine assessment of PT and APTT may aid in risk stratification and personalized management of newly diagnosed MM.

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