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Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19: a single center experience in Turkey
Eviç Zeynep Başar1, Hafize Emine Sönmez2, Selim Öncel3
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe COVID-19 presentation. This study details MIS-C characteristics, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular involvement, and treatment outcomes in 24 pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Emerging infectious diseases
Background:
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious condition linked to COVID-19.
- Understanding MIS-C's clinical profile is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical features and short-term outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C.
- To inform early recognition, evaluation, and management strategies for MIS-C.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 24 pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C between June 1, 2020, and December 1, 2020.
- Data collected included patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, treatment, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- The median age of patients was 111 months; 17 had COVID-19 exposure.
- Common symptoms included gastrointestinal issues (n=20), conjunctivitis (n=12), rash (n=11), and oral changes (n=10).
- Cardiovascular involvement occurred in 12 patients; one patient with dilated cardiomyopathy died.
Conclusions:
- This study highlights key clinical characteristics and outcomes of MIS-C in children.
- Enhanced knowledge of MIS-C aids clinicians in timely diagnosis and treatment.
- Further research is needed to fully understand long-term MIS-C sequelae.
Objective:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new concern emerging as a severe presentation of COVID-19 in children. We aimed to describe the characteristics and short-term outcomes of children diagnosed with MIS-C.
Material And Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on 24 patients who were diagnosed with MIS-C between June 1, 2020 and December 1, 2020. A total of 24 (14 male and 10 female) patients were included in the study.
Results:
The median age at the diagnosis was 111 (10-180) months. A total of 17 patients had a history of contact with a patient with COVID-19. Among the 24 patients, the most common findings were gastrointestinal involvement (n=20), followed by conjunctivitis (n=12), erythematous rash (n=11), and oral changes (n=10). Cardiovascular involvement was detected in 12 patients, of whom six had systolic dysfunction, four had mild coronary artery involvement, four had pericardial effusion, and three had mitral insufficiency. All patients received intravenous immunoglobulin, and 14 patients were treated with methylprednisolone in addition. Anti-interleukin-1 was given to two patients. The median duration of hospitalization was 8 (5-15) days. A total of 23 patients were discharged and evaluated on the median of 68.5 (52-140) days after discharge. The remaining one patient with dilated cardiomyopathy died after 2 months in the intensive care unit.
Conclusion:
Increasing the knowledge on MIS-C will provide clinicians with information on early recognition, evaluation, and management of these patients.
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