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[Social, cognitive and psychomotor development in peruvian children with congenital hypothyroidism]

Lincy Herrera-Chinchay1, Isabel Silva-Ocas2, Nelly Castro-Silva3

  • 1Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru.

Andes Pediatrica : Revista Chilena De Pediatria
|June 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is crucial. Delayed treatment after 21 days of age significantly increases the risk of neuropsychological developmental delays in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a leading preventable cause of intellectual disability in children.
  • Timely diagnosis and treatment within the first month of life are critical for optimal neurodevelopment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the social, cognitive, and psychomotor development of children with CH.
  • To assess the impact of treatment timing on developmental outcomes in CH patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 26 children diagnosed with CH between 2012-2017.
  • Assessment of cognitive (IQ), social, and psychomotor development (gait, speech, motor control).
  • Statistical analysis using Fisher-Freeman-Halton test to correlate developmental outcomes with age at diagnosis and treatment initiation.

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of patients exhibited borderline IQ (38.5%) and delays in speech development (88.5%).
  • Educable social category was most prevalent (88.7%).
  • Speech delay showed a statistically significant increase in children treated between 22 days and 12 months of age (p=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • Neuropsychological developmental delays are more common in CH patients diagnosed and treated after 21 days of life.
  • Emphasizes the critical window for intervention in congenital hypothyroidism to prevent long-term developmental deficits.
Abstract

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