Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

7.2K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
7.2K
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.3K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.3K
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

3.7K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
3.7K
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

8.1K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
8.1K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.1K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.1K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

778
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
778

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

When is "now"? In the past to compensate for the sensation of time or in the future as a prediction of the temporal sensory horizon?

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

Speed constant material perception via touch relies on natural material statistics.

Perception·2026
Same author

A Data-Driven Approach for Comparing Gaze Allocation Across Conditions.

Journal of eye movement research·2026
Same author

Enhanced memory colour in peripheral vision: A possible compensation for chromatic loss.

Vision research·2026
Same author

Athletes are better at peripheral colour detection.

Perception·2026
Same author

Natural scene segmentation dynamics reveal iterative Bayesian inference.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Pyramid-based Bayesian modeling for high-resolution behavioral analysis.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Sensation without perception: The white whale effect and perceptual blindness in autonomous vehicles.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Gaze behavior during closed-captioned movie viewing adapts to absent audio through more frequent switching between text and scene.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

In pursuit of saccade awareness: Limited volitional control and minimal conscious access to catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Dissociable effects of element-lifetime and stimulus-duration on local and global motion processing: An equivalent noise study.

Journal of vision·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessment of Visual Acuity in Central Vision Loss Through Motion-Based Peripheral Vision Testing
06:25

Author Spotlight: Assessment of Visual Acuity in Central Vision Loss Through Motion-Based Peripheral Vision Testing

Published on: February 23, 2024

806

Underconfidence in peripheral vision.

Matteo Toscani1,2, Pascal Mamassian3,4, Matteo Valsecchi1,5,6

  • 1Justus-Liebig-Universität, Gießen, Germany.

Journal of Vision
|June 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People are underconfident in their peripheral vision, needing more visual evidence to feel as certain as they do for central vision. This metacognitive underconfidence in peripheral vision does not explain the uniform visual experience across the visual field.

More Related Videos

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

4.7K
Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

635

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessment of Visual Acuity in Central Vision Loss Through Motion-Based Peripheral Vision Testing
06:25

Author Spotlight: Assessment of Visual Acuity in Central Vision Loss Through Motion-Based Peripheral Vision Testing

Published on: February 23, 2024

806
Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

4.7K
Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

635

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Visual experience typically appears uniform across the entire visual field.
  • Peripheral vision has lower resolution than central vision, yet this deficit is often unnoticed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate metacognitive performance in central versus peripheral vision.
  • To determine if metacognitive biases explain the perceived uniformity of visual experience.

Main Methods:

  • A confidence forced-choice method was used to measure metacognitive performance.
  • Participants judged grating orientation in central and peripheral vision, reporting confidence.
  • Metacognitive sensitivity was assessed by comparing high-confidence versus low-confidence decisions.

Main Results:

  • Observers were underconfident in peripheral vision, requiring more sensory evidence for equal confidence.
  • Metacognitive sensitivity was lower when comparing central and peripheral performance.
  • Peripheral underconfidence was not due to stimulus size or contrast, but a genuine metacognitive deficit.

Conclusions:

  • Humans exhibit impaired metacognitive comparison between central and peripheral visual performance.
  • Metacognitive biases, specifically underconfidence in the periphery, do not account for the uniform visual experience.
  • The perceived uniformity of vision is not explained by current metacognitive findings, as it would require peripheral overconfidence.