Neuromitochondrial Disorders : Genomic Basis and an Algorithmic Approach to Imaging Diagnostics

Mitochondrial disorders have been an enigma for a long time due to the varied clinical presentations. Although a genetic confirmation will be mandatory most of the time, half the number of Leigh syndrome would be negative for genetic mutations. There are a growing number of mutations in clinical practice, which escape detection on routine clinical exome sequencing. Imaging would render help in pointing towards a mitochondrial disorder. There are a few case reports which brief about specific mitochondrial mutations and their specific imaging appearance. This article tries to provide a comprehensive review on the imaging-genomic correlation of mitochondrial disorders with an objective of performing a specific genetic testing to arrive at an accurate diagnosis.