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Density

Density

Density is an important characteristic of substances, crucial in determining whether an object sinks or floats in a fluid. Its SI unit is kg/m3, and its cgs unit is g/cm3. The density of an object helps in identifying its composition, and also reveals information about the phase of the matter and its substructure. The densities of liquids and solids are roughly comparable, consistent with the fact that their atoms are in close contact. However, gases have much lower densities than liquids and...

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Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: February 25, 2015

A new algorithm for evaluating reservoir density based on X-ray logging technology.

Feng Zhang¹, Jilin Fan², Yingming Liu³

¹School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, China; Deep Oil and Gas Key Laboratory, Qingdao, 266071, China.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine

|June 9, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new X-ray density logging method to accurately evaluate reservoir rock density, overcoming challenges posed by mud cake interference without radioactive sources.

Keywords:

Energy spectrum combination Monte Carlo method Newton iterative inversion Reservoir evaluation X-ray density logging

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Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography

Pore-scale Imaging and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Reservoir Rock Wettability at Subsurface Conditions Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: October 21, 2018

Area of Science:

Geophysics
Petroleum Engineering
Nuclear Logging Technology

Background:

Accurate rock density is crucial for reservoir evaluation.
Mud cake deposition during drilling complicates density measurements.
Existing calibration methods introduce significant errors and unpredictability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel X-ray density logging method to overcome mud cake interference.
To eliminate radioactive hazards associated with traditional isotope gamma sources.
To enable accurate reservoir parameter evaluation without mud cake correction.

Main Methods:

Utilizes X-ray density logging technology with four detectors.
Analyzes X-ray interactions within formation and mud cake dual media.
Integrates energy spectrum information and employs Newton iterative inversion.

Main Results:

Successfully inverts formation and mud cake parameters simultaneously.
Demonstrates high accuracy in multi-parameter inversion via simulation.
Enables reservoir evaluation without the need for mud cake correction.

Conclusions:

The proposed X-ray density inversion algorithm is effective for simultaneous parameter calculation.
This method significantly improves the accuracy of reservoir evaluation.
It holds great importance for guiding hydrocarbon exploration and production.