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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

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Host-Microbiome Interaction in Lung Cancer.

Qiang Dong¹, Eric S Chen¹, Chen Zhao²

¹Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Frontiers in Immunology

|June 10, 2021

Summary

The lung microbiome, a diverse bacterial community, is increasingly linked to lung cancer development and progression. Understanding these microbes offers new therapeutic targets for cancer prevention and treatment.

Keywords:

Gut-Lung Axis cancer therapy immunotherapy lung cancer microbiota tumor immunology tumor microenvironment (TME)

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Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

Studying Microbial Communities In Vivo: A Model of Host-mediated Interaction Between Candida Albicans and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Airways

Published on: January 13, 2016

The Establishment of a Lung Colonization Assay for Circulating Tumor Cell Visualization in Lung Tissues

The Establishment of a Lung Colonization Assay for Circulating Tumor Cell Visualization in Lung Tissues

Published on: June 16, 2018

Characterization and Functional Prediction of Bacteria in Ovarian Tissues

Characterization and Functional Prediction of Bacteria in Ovarian Tissues

Published on: October 23, 2021

Area of Science:

Microbiology
Oncology
Immunology

Background:

Commensal microbiota are key regulators of tumorigenesis and cancer therapy response.
Knowledge of microbiota in cancer is primarily limited to the intestinal tract.
The lung, a large mucosal surface, harbors diverse microbes and is exposed to environmental microbes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of the lung microbiome in lung cancer development.
To discuss how lung microbiota dysregulation impacts cancer progression.
To explore new therapeutic strategies targeting the lung microbiome for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of existing studies on lung microbiome and lung cancer.
Analysis of findings from lung cancer patients and mouse models.
Synthesis of evidence linking lung microbiota to tumor microenvironment and immune cell activity.

Main Results:

Lung cancer is associated with tumor-specific alterations in the local lung microbiome.
The lung microbiome influences lung cancer progression by modulating the tumor microenvironment.
Dysregulated lung microbiota impacts the activity of tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Conclusions:

The lung microbiome is a critical factor in lung cancer biology.
Targeting the lung microbiome presents novel therapeutic opportunities for lung cancer.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the lung microbiome's role in cancer and develop effective strategies.