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Nasal airway epithelial repair after very preterm birth

Jessica Hillas1, Denby J Evans1,2, Sherlynn Ang1

  • 1Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia.

ERJ Open Research
|June 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Nasal epithelial cells in very preterm infants show impaired repair function past infancy. This defect may be linked to antenatal steroid exposure during development.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal immunology
  • Respiratory medicine
  • Cellular biology

Background:

  • Very preterm infants face increased risks of respiratory complications.
  • Nasal epithelial barrier integrity is crucial for respiratory health.
  • Impaired wound healing in infants can lead to chronic respiratory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term repair capacity of nasal epithelial cells in very preterm infants.
  • To determine if antenatal steroid exposure influences this repair function.

Main Methods:

  • Collection of nasal epithelial cells from very preterm infants and controls.
  • In vitro assays to assess cell migration, proliferation, and barrier function.
  • Correlation analysis with antenatal steroid exposure data.

Main Results:

  • Nasal epithelial cells from very preterm infants exhibited significantly reduced repair capacity compared to controls.
  • This functional defect persisted beyond the first year of life.
  • A potential association was observed between failed repair and antenatal steroid exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Very preterm infants may have a persistent defect in nasal epithelial cell repair.
  • Antenatal steroid exposure could be a contributing factor to impaired healing.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and clinical implications.

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