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How Could We Know When a Robot was a Moral Patient?

Henry Shevlin1

  • 1Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1SB, United Kingdom.

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This study explores criteria for determining if artificial intelligence (AI) deserves moral consideration. The cognitive equivalence strategy, focusing on shared cognitive mechanisms with non-human animals, is proposed as the most viable approach.

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence Ethics
  • Machine Ethics
  • Philosophy of Mind

Background:

  • Growing interest in machine ethics and AI moral status.
  • Need for criteria to assess AI moral consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Explore psychological moral patiency in artificial systems.
  • Identify evidence for AI moral status.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of five potential criteria for AI moral patiency.
  • Evaluation of intuitive judgments, intelligence, desires, sentience, and behavioral equivalence.
  • Defense of the cognitive equivalence strategy.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral equivalence offers a promising, though limited, approach.
  • The cognitive equivalence strategy is favored.

Conclusions:

  • AI should be considered a psychological moral patient based on shared cognitive mechanisms with other moral patients.
  • This approach offers a pragmatic path forward for AI ethics.