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Observing Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions through Quasilocal String Operators.

Souvik Bandyopadhyay1, Anatoli Polkovnikov2, Amit Dutta1

  • 1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.

Physical Review Letters
|June 10, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamical quantum phase transitions exhibit sharp cusp singularities in observables like expectation values and out-of-time-order correlations. These signatures strengthen with operator length, proving robust across different models and initial states.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) represent non-equilibrium phenomena in quantum systems.
  • Understanding DQPT signatures is crucial for characterizing quantum system dynamics after a quench.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze robust signatures of DQPTs in physical observables.
  • To investigate the behavior of these signatures with varying operator length and model parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of expectation values of product/string operators.
  • Calculation of out-of-time-order correlation (OTOC) functions.
  • Study of quench protocols in one-dimensional Ising models (integrable and nonintegrable).

Main Results:

  • Cusp singularities are observed in both expectation values and OTOCs of finite-length string operators following a quench.
  • The sharpness of these cusp singularities increases with the length of the string operator.
  • The identified DQPT signatures are robust to model details and the choice of initial state.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-length string operators provide a reliable probe for detecting DQPTs.
  • The observed robustness suggests these signatures are universal features of quantum quenches.
  • This work offers a pathway for experimental observation of DQPTs through measurable observables.