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Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
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Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...
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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
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Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
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Variations in coralligenous assemblages from local to biogeographic spatial scale.

L Piazzi1, M F Cinti1, I Guala2

  • 1Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100, Sassari, Italy.

Marine Environmental Research
|June 10, 2021
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Summary

Spatial variability in coralligenous reefs near Sardinia shows distinct patterns. Assemblages, while diverse, vary in dominance by animals or algae, linked to biogeographic regions, not just distance.

Keywords:
BiogeographyCoralligenous reefsGorgoniansMediterranean seaSpatial variability

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Benthic habitat assessment
  • Biogeography

Background:

  • Coralligenous reefs are vital Mediterranean habitats.
  • Understanding their spatial variability is crucial for conservation.
  • Previous studies often focused on smaller scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spatial variability of coralligenous reef assemblages.
  • To evaluate patterns from local to biogeographic scales around Sardinia.
  • To identify drivers of assemblage structure.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical sampling design across six areas near Sardinia.
  • Sampling included sites, plots, and photographic samples.
  • Analysis of coralligenous reef community structure.

Main Results:

  • Coralligenous reefs exhibit high diversity across biogeographic regions.
  • Assemblages can be dominated by either gorgonians/bryozoans (animals) or macroalgae.
  • Variations are strongly linked to biogeographic patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Biogeographic factors significantly influence coralligenous reef structure.
  • Spatial distance alone does not explain assemblage variations.
  • Defining biogeographically specific reference conditions is essential for ecological quality assessment.