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Polysaccharides from Ganoderma Sinense - rice bran fermentation products and their anti-tumor activities on
Wei Han1, Hongjuan Chen1, Lin Zhou2
1Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, 100037, P. R. China.
Background:
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts more than 80% of the lung cancer cases. Polysaccharides in rice bran and its fermentation products have been proven to suppress many cancers. However, the report on inhibiting NSCLC is few. In this paper, the polysaccharides with suppression activity to H1299 NSCLC in the fermentation products of full-fat rice bran and defatted rice bran were studied in vitro and in vivo.
Method:
Polysaccharides (GSRBPs) were extracted from Ganoderma sinense - full-fat rice bran (GS-FRB) and Ganoderma sinense - defatted rice bran (GS-DRB) fermentation products. The structure information of the GSRBPs was studied using HPLC analysis. The anti-tumor activities on H1299 NSCLC of GSRBPs in vitro study was performed using MTT method. The in vivo studies use BALB/c-nu nude mice as H1299 NSCLC bearing mice.
Result:
All the polysaccharides contained two fractions, GSFPS-1 and GSFPS-2. The molecular weight and the ratio of GSFPS-1 and GSFPS-2 were different in GS-FRB and GS-DRB. At the earlier state of fermentation, all polysaccharides were composed of D-glu, D-man, D-xyl and L-ara with certain molar ratios. But at the latter stage, polysaccharides in GS-FRB were composed of D-glu, D-man, D-xyl, L-ara and D-fru, while these in GS-DRB only composed of D-glu and D-man. In the in vitro study, the IC50 of RBS and GSRBPs was as GS-DRB-11 (40.62 μg/mL), GS-FRB-9 (43.82 μg/mL), GS-DRB-7 (48.08 μg/mL), RBS (49.56 μg/mL), GS-DRB-9 (49.91 μg/mL), GS-DRB-13 (51.89 μg/mL), GS-FRB-11 (53.75 μg/mL), GS-FRB-7 (56.84 μg/mL), GS-DRB-13 (60.63 μg/mL) from small to large. In the in vivo study, the H1299 NSCLC inhibition rate (InRa) of RBS and GSRBPs were GS-DRB-11 (86.81%) > GS-DRB-9 (86.01%) > GS-FRB-9 (84.88%) > GS-DRB-7 (82.21%) > GS-DRB-13 (78.04%) > RBS (76.06%) > GS-FRB-13 (65.44%) > GS-FRB-11 (64.70%) > GS-FRB-7 (27.87%). The GSFPS-2 area percent was negatively correlated to the IC50 and was positively correlated to the InRa. This means the GSFPS-2 had much higher anti-tumor activity than GSFPS-1.
Conclusion:
GSFPS-2 had higher anti-tumor activities, and the lipid in the rice bran has a decisive effect on the structures of polysaccharides produced by fermentation. Therefore, GSRBPs could be considered as potential novel agents to suppress H1299 non-small-cell lung cancer.
Insights
Rice bran fermentation products containing polysaccharides show significant potential in suppressing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and in vivo. The GSFPS-2 fraction demonstrated superior anti-tumor activity, suggesting its promise as a novel NSCLC therapeutic agent.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of lung cancer.
- Rice bran polysaccharides have demonstrated anti-cancer properties, but their efficacy against NSCLC is under-researched.
- This study investigates the anti-NSCLC potential of polysaccharides from fermented rice bran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To extract and characterize polysaccharides from Ganoderma sinense fermented rice bran (GS-FRB) and defatted rice bran (GS-DRB).
- To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activities of these polysaccharides against H1299 NSCLC cells.
- To determine the structural components responsible for the observed anti-cancer effects.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of Ganoderma sinense-derived rice bran polysaccharides (GSRBPs) from GS-FRB and GS-DRB.
- Structural analysis of GSRBPs using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
- In vitro anti-proliferative assays (MTT method) and in vivo efficacy studies in H1299-bearing nude mice.
Main Results:
- Polysaccharides consisted of two fractions, GSFPS-1 and GSFPS-2, with varying molecular weights and compositions.
- GS-DRB-11 exhibited the lowest IC50 (40.62 μg/mL) in vitro, while GS-DRB-11 also showed the highest H1299 NSCLC inhibition rate (86.81%) in vivo.
- The GSFPS-2 fraction was strongly correlated with enhanced anti-tumor activity.
Conclusions:
- The GSFPS-2 fraction possesses significant anti-tumor properties against H1299 NSCLC.
- Rice bran lipid content influences polysaccharide structure and anti-cancer efficacy.
- GSRBPs, particularly GSFPS-2, represent promising candidates for novel non-small-cell lung cancer therapies.
