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Long term fMRI adaptation depends on adapter response in face-selective cortex.

Daphne Stam1, Yun-An Huang1, Kristof Vansteelandt1,2

  • 1Neuropsychiatry, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

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Neural repetition suppression (RS) during visual memory encoding interacts with future remembrance in the face-selective cortex. This finding challenges predictive coding models, suggesting familiarity-based accounts may better explain visual memory processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Repetition suppression (RS) is a neural phenomenon characterized by reduced brain activity upon repeated stimulus exposure.
  • The predictive coding hypothesis suggests RS arises from prediction errors during perception.
  • Investigating RS within category-selective brain regions offers insights into memory formation and neural processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the predictive coding hypothesis for RS in visual memory.
  • To examine the interaction between RS and subsequent memory performance in category-selective cortex.
  • To differentiate between absolute and relative RS in relation to memory and neural responses.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • A subsequent memory paradigm with face and house stimuli was used.
  • Linear Mixed Model analyses assessed repetition, recognition memory, and their interactions.

Main Results:

  • Absolute RS during encoding interacted with subsequent remembrance probability in the face-selective cortex (FFA).
  • This interaction was not observed for relative RS, indicating the importance of raw neural attenuation.
  • An association between adapter response and RS was found for both short and long-term memory intervals.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the predictive coding framework for visual memory.
  • Results are more consistent with adapter-related and familiarity-based accounts of neural processing.
  • RS in face-selective regions is linked to memory predictability, supporting alternative theoretical models.