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High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals

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Protocols for Dual Tracer PET/SPECT Preclinical Imaging.

Julia E Blower¹, Jayanta K Bordoloi¹, Alex Rigby¹

¹School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Physics

|June 11, 2021

Summary

Dual tracer PET/SPECT imaging with Fluorine-18 and Technetium-99m is feasible. Careful selection of injection and imaging sequences minimizes cross-tracer interference for accurate multi-tracer studies.

Keywords:

PET SPECT dead-time dual-radionuclide multi-modality phantom radionuclide scatter

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Area of Science:

Nuclear medicine
Medical imaging
Radiochemistry

Background:

Multi-tracer PET/SPECT imaging allows simultaneous visualization of multiple physiological processes.
Fluorine-18 (PET) and Technetium-99m (SPECT) are common radionuclides with distinct emission profiles.
Potential confounding effects between tracers necessitate investigation for accurate dual-tracer imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore challenges in dual tracer PET/SPECT imaging using 18F and 99mTc.
To investigate practical methods for overcoming cross-tracer interference.
To assess the impact of each radionuclide on the imaging of the other.

Main Methods:

Mixed-radionuclide phantom PET and SPECT imaging experiments were conducted.
Mediso nanoScan PET/CT and SPECT/CT small animal scanners were utilized.
Crossover effects of 18F and 99mTc on scans were systematically evaluated.

Main Results:

High 99mTc activity (>100 MBq) degraded PET image quality and quantification due to increased dead-time.
18F presence in SPECT imaging caused Compton scattering, over-estimating 99mTc activity and increasing noise.
SPECT quantification accuracy was maintained with 99mTc:18F activity ratios > 70:1; Compton scatter correction methods were explored.

Conclusions:

Dual tracer PET/SPECT imaging with 18F and 99mTc is achievable.
Optimized injection and imaging sequences minimize cross-tracer effects.
This enables reliable multi-tracer studies with minimal interference.