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Military bases implemented strict quarantine protocols to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread. These strategies successfully identified positive cases within quarantine, protecting the wider deployed population.

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Area of Science:

  • Military Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Deployed military forces require continuous operations during pandemics, unlike civilian communal settings.
  • Limited resources, including living space and testing capacity, presented early challenges in 2020.
  • Preventing the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into established military bases is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on stringent quarantine strategies implemented for newly arriving personnel.
  • To prevent the release of SARS-CoV-2 into the larger base population.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of quarantine in a deployed military environment.

Main Methods:

  • Personnel arriving at a NATO base in Afghanistan were quarantined for 14 days.
  • Contact tracing was enhanced through tracking names, locations, and dates.
  • Limited testing capacity was managed alongside quarantine protocols.

Main Results:

  • Eleven males tested PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 within quarantine between February and April 2020.
  • Positive cases included symptomatic, asymptomatic, and individuals who developed symptoms post-quarantine.
  • All positive individuals were identified before release into the general base population.

Conclusions:

  • Quarantine in deployed settings strains resources and risks intra-quarantine transmission.
  • Recommended strategies include daily symptom screening, pulse oximetry, temperature checks, and small, graduating quarantine groups.
  • Combining PCR and serology testing, with clinical judgment, can optimize testing resource allocation.