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Related Experiment Video

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Detecting Abnormalities in Choroidal Vasculature in a Mouse Model of Age-related Macular Degeneration by Time-course Indocyanine Green Angiography
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Pachychoroid Spectrum Disease: Underlying Pathology, Classification, and Phenotypes.

Rui Hua1,2,3, Jianan Duan1,3, Meixia Zhang1,3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

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|June 11, 2021
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Summary

Pachychoroid spectrum diseases stem from a thick choroid, involving choriocapillaris attenuation and dilated vessels. These conditions may overlap with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), requiring careful classification.

Keywords:
Aneurysmspachychoroid spectrum diseasepolypoidal choroidal vasculopathysubretinal fluidtype-2 choroidal neovascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Macular Disorders
  • Choroidal Diseases

Background:

  • Pachychoroid spectrum disease is characterized by an abnormally thick choroid.
  • The precise pathology and overlap with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the underlying pathology, classification, and phenotypes of pachychoroid spectrum disease.
  • To clarify the relationship between pachychoroid spectrum disease and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of peer-reviewed publications on pachychoroid disease spectrum.
  • Analysis of morphological changes, angiogenic cytokine levels, and optical coherence tomography angiography findings.

Main Results:

  • Pachychoroid disease involves choriocapillaris attenuation and dilated pachyvessels, often bilateral.
  • Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) share similarities; PNV may progress to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).
  • Pachychoroid-related type 2 CNV and CSC can be classified within the PNV spectrum.

Conclusions:

  • Pachychoroid spectrum disorders may represent a continuous process driven by choroidal malfunction.
  • Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) shows overlap with both AMD and pachychoroid disease.
  • Cautious application of terminology and classification is advised for pachychoroid spectrum disease.