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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Circulating MicroRNA Responses to Postprandial Lipemia with or without Prior Exercise.

Catherine B Springer¹, Ryan M Sapp¹, William S Evans¹

¹Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, United States.

International Journal of Sports Medicine

|June 11, 2021

Summary

Prior exercise did not prevent increases in vascular-related circulating microRNAs (ci-miRs) after a high-fat meal. While exercise altered ci-miR-155 response, other ci-miRs still increased, suggesting exercise may not fully counteract meal-induced vascular effects.

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Molecular Biology
Exercise Science

Background:

High-fat meals induce inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to cardiometabolic diseases.
Acute endurance exercise can mitigate detrimental cardiovascular effects of high-fat meals.
Circulating microRNAs (ci-miRs) are key posttranscriptional regulators of vascular gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of a high-fat meal on vascular-related ci-miRs in active men.
To determine if acute cycling exercise alters the ci-miR response to a high-fat meal.

Main Methods:

Plasma ci-miR expression (miR-21, -92a, -126, -146a, -150, -155, -181b, -221, -222) was measured.
Participants consumed a high-fat meal with (EX) or without (CON) prior cycling exercise.
Measurements were taken at baseline and multiple time points post-meal.

Main Results:

Ci-miR-155 showed a significant interaction between meal and exercise, increasing post-meal in both CON and EX groups, but with different kinetics.
Significant main effects of the high-fat meal were observed for ci-miR-21, -126, -146a, -181b, and -221.
Prior exercise did not fully prevent meal-induced elevations in most vascular-related ci-miRs.

Conclusions:

Acute exercise does not completely abrogate the increase in vascular-related ci-miRs following a high-fat meal.
Exercise may modulate specific ci-miR responses, like ci-miR-155, but not entirely prevent broader vascular-related changes.
These findings suggest complex interactions between diet, exercise, and circulating microRNAs in vascular health.