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Cardiovascular disease risk reduction for tenth graders. A multiple-factor school-based approach
J D Killen1, M J Telch, T N Robinson
1Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
JAMA
|September 23, 1988
Summary
This study shows that a school-based cardiovascular disease risk-reduction program improved health knowledge and behaviors in tenth graders. The intervention led to increased exercise, smoking cessation, and healthier food choices.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
- Health Education
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant health burden.
- Early intervention through school-based programs is crucial for primary prevention.
- Adolescence is a critical period for establishing lifelong health behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based cardiovascular disease risk-reduction intervention.
- To assess changes in risk factor knowledge, behaviors, and physiological markers among adolescents.
- To determine the feasibility of implementing such programs in high schools.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 1447 tenth graders across four high schools in two school districts.
- One school per district received a 20-session risk-reduction intervention; the other served as a control.
- Data collected at baseline and a two-month follow-up included knowledge scores, exercise habits, smoking status, dietary choices, and physiological measurements.
Main Results:
- Students in the intervention group showed significantly higher risk factor knowledge scores.
- The treatment group demonstrated increased regular exercise, higher smoking cessation rates, and a lower progression to regular smoking.
- Beneficial effects were observed in resting heart rate, body mass index (BMI), and skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular).
Conclusions:
- School-based cardiovascular disease risk-reduction training is feasible and effective for adolescents.
- Primary prevention through educational interventions can positively impact adolescent health behaviors and CVD risk factors.
- This approach offers a scalable strategy for widespread public health impact.