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Published on: September 12, 2014
Biological tissues and components, and synthetic substrates for conjunctival cell transplantation
Aruni K Makuloluwa1, Kevin J Hamill1, Saaeha Rauz2
1Department of Eye and Vision Science, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
Abstract:
The conjunctiva is the largest component of the ocular surface. It can be damaged by various pathological processes leading to scarring, loss of tissue and dysfunction. Depending on the amount of damage, restoration of function may require a conjunctival graft. Numerous studies have investigated biological and synthetic substrates in the search for optimal conditions for the ex vivo culture of conjunctival epithelial cells that can be used as tissue grafts for transplantation. These substrates have advantages and disadvantages that are specific to the characteristics of each material; the development of an improved material remains a priority. This review is the second of a two-part review in The Ocular Surface. In the first review, the structure and function of the conjunctiva was evaluated with a focus on the extracellular matrix and the basement membrane, and biological and mechanical characteristics of the ideal substrate with recommendations for further studies. In this review the types of biological and synthetic substrates used for conjunctival transplantation are discussed including substrates based on the extracellular matrix. .
Insights
Conjunctival transplantation uses engineered tissues to restore ocular surface function. This review examines current biological and synthetic substrates for conjunctival epithelial cell culture and transplantation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- The conjunctiva, a key part of the ocular surface, can be damaged, leading to scarring and dysfunction.
- Restoring conjunctival function often necessitates conjunctival grafts, driving research into optimal tissue engineering substrates.
- Previous work detailed conjunctival structure and ideal substrate characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review biological and synthetic substrates used for ex vivo conjunctival epithelial cell culture.
- To discuss substrates, including extracellular matrix-based materials, for conjunctival transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on substrates for conjunctival epithelial cell culture.
- Analysis of biological and synthetic materials used in conjunctival grafting.
Main Results:
- Various biological and synthetic substrates exist, each with specific advantages and disadvantages.
- Development of improved substrates for conjunctival tissue engineering remains an ongoing priority.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing substrates is crucial for successful conjunctival transplantation and ocular surface reconstruction.
- Further research into novel materials is needed to enhance conjunctival graft viability and function.
