[Research Progress of Fusion Genes RET in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]
Yujun Zheng1, Wei Jiang1, Dongyan Chen1
1Department of Oncology, The Friendship Hospital of Dalian, Dalian 116001, China.
Abstract:
In the past 20 years, with the development of molecular biology, the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been developing. Targeted therapy has improved the survival period of patients with positive mutation of tumor driver gene. More and more targets have been found gradually. Drugs targeting different driving genes have brought the treatment of NSCLC into a promising target era. Among the many driving genes of NSCLC, the fusion of transfection proto oncogene (RET) is the addition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), analytic lymphama kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1-receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) are emerging targets. Targeted drugs for RET gene fusion have been constantly updated. Recently, new high selective RET inhibitors blu-667 and loxo-292 have made important breakthroughs. This paper will review the review of the fusion mutation of RET gene in NSCLC, the detection methods, clinicopathological characteristics, targeted treatment and the research progress after drug resistance. .
Insights
Recent advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. This review focuses on RET gene fusions, their detection, and targeted therapies, including new RET inhibitors for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Molecular biology advancements have significantly improved non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment over the past two decades.
- Targeted therapies have enhanced survival for patients with specific tumor driver gene mutations, ushering in a new era of precision medicine.
- Emerging targets in NSCLC include rearrangements in genes such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and transfection proto oncogene (RET).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of RET gene fusions in NSCLC.
- To discuss the detection methods, clinicopathological characteristics, and targeted treatment strategies for RET-altered NSCLC.
- To explore research progress and challenges, particularly concerning acquired drug resistance to RET inhibitors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on RET gene fusions in NSCLC.
- Analysis of diagnostic techniques for identifying RET alterations.
- Evaluation of clinical data on targeted therapies and resistance mechanisms.
Main Results:
- RET gene fusions are increasingly recognized as actionable targets in NSCLC.
- New, highly selective RET inhibitors, such as BLU-667 and LOXO-292, have demonstrated significant clinical activity.
- Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing next-generation therapies.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapy for RET gene fusions represents a significant advancement in NSCLC treatment.
- Continued research into novel inhibitors and resistance pathways is essential for optimizing patient care.
- Early detection and molecular profiling are key to successful precision oncology in NSCLC.
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