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Phenotypes and Functions of SARS-CoV-2-Reactive T Cells

Min Kyung Jung1, Eui-Cheol Shin1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.

Molecules and Cells
|June 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific T-cell responses are crucial in understanding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and immunity. This review details T-cell phenotypes, functions, and their role in COVID-19, vaccination, and unexposed individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
  • T-cell responses, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, are detected in COVID-19 patients, convalescents, and even unexposed individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenotypes and functions of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in COVID-19 patients.
  • To examine the relationship between T-cell responses and COVID-19 severity.
  • To discuss memory T-cell function post-recovery, T-cell presence in unexposed individuals, and vaccine-induced T-cell responses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses.
  • Analysis of T-cell phenotypes and functions in various cohorts (patients, convalescents, unexposed, vaccinated).

Main Results:

  • Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses in diverse populations.
  • Identification of correlations between T-cell profiles and COVID-19 disease severity.
  • Evidence of T-cell reactivity in individuals without prior exposure and post-vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses is critical for managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • T-cell immunity plays a significant role in COVID-19 pathogenesis, recovery, and vaccine efficacy.
Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2T cellvaccine

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