Disposition and metabolism of pristane in rat

The fate of pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane), a widespread isoprenoid hydrocarbon, has been studied in rats after a single per os administration of 3H-labeled pristane. The balance study showed an extensive fecal excretion (66%) mainly as unchanged hydrocarbon, whereas about 14% of ingested pristane was excreted in urine as pristane metabolites and tritiated water. After one wk, 8.3% of the ingested 3H still was stored in the carcass, and radioactive distribution in tissues and organs showed a preferential incorporation into adipose tissue and liver. Over 75% of the radioactivity stored in the carcass was associated with pristane metabolites and tritiated water. Tissue metabolites were characterized by thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometric analyses. Four metabolites were identified: pristan-1-ol, pristane-2-ol, pristanic acid and 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoic acid. These demonstrate that this isoprenoid hydrocarbon undergoes subterminal hydroxylation or terminal oxidation followed by the classical beta-oxidation process. Incorporation of metabolites in phospholipids and more particularly in the phosphatidylserine fraction has been observed and is discussed.