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Vermicomposting: A management tool to mitigate solid waste.

Fatimah Alshehrei1, Fuad Ameen2

  • 1Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O Box 7388, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
|June 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vermicomposting offers a sustainable solution for managing solid organic waste in Saudi Arabia. This biological treatment utilizes earthworms and microbes to break down waste, even in the presence of pollutants like heavy metals.

Keywords:
BiocharEisenia fetidaMicroalgaeSolid wasteVermicomposting

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Saudi Arabia faces significant ecological challenges in solid waste management due to rapid industrialization and urbanization.
  • Current recycling and sorting practices are underdeveloped, leading to large volumes of untreated mixed waste.
  • Conventional waste management methods like incineration and pyrolysis involve high costs, while biological treatments face challenges from pollutants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of vermicomposting as an effective tool for mitigating solid organic waste.
  • To explore the microbial and biochemical processes involved in vermicomposting, particularly under pollutant stress.
  • To highlight vermicomposting as a novel and sustainable approach for waste management in Saudi Arabia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on vermicomposting and solid waste management.
  • Analysis of the role of earthworms and associated microbes in waste degradation.
  • Investigation of mechanisms for mitigating pollutants like heavy metals during vermicomposting.

Main Results:

  • Vermicomposting is an economically viable and sustainable technology for organic solid waste.
  • Microbes play a crucial role in decomposition, aided by enzymes and extracellular polymeric substances.
  • Earthworm secretions under metal stress can support bacterial growth, enhancing degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Vermicomposting presents a promising, cost-effective biological solution for Saudi Arabia's solid waste challenges.
  • The process effectively degrades organic waste and can mitigate the impact of pollutants.
  • Further research and implementation of vermicomposting are recommended for sustainable waste management.