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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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In Vivo Nanovector Delivery of a Heart-specific MicroRNA-sponge
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MicroRNAs Regulating Mitochondrial Function in Cardiac Diseases.

Guang-Qiong Zhang1,2,3, Sheng-Quan Wang1,2,3, Yan Chen1,2,3

  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|June 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate mitochondrial function, impacting heart health. Understanding this crosstalk is crucial for developing new treatments for cardiac diseases.

Keywords:
cardiac apoptosiscardiac diseasecardiac hypertrophydiabetic cardiomyopathyheart failuremicroRNAsmitochondrial function

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Mitochondrial Medicine

Background:

  • Mitochondria are vital for cellular energy, particularly in the heart.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • Dysfunctional mitochondria and altered miRNA profiles are implicated in cardiac diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review miRNA biogenesis and its role in cardiac mitochondrial function.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs on mitochondrial genes.
  • To explore the impact of miRNA-mitochondria interactions on cardiac disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of miRNA biogenesis and function.
  • Analysis of studies on miRNA regulation of mitochondrial genes.
  • Synthesis of research on miRNA effects in cardiac disease models.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs significantly influence mitochondrial function through post-transcriptional gene silencing.
  • Specific miRNAs target key genes involved in mitochondrial respiration and dynamics.
  • miRNA dysregulation contributes to the development and progression of cardiac pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting miRNA-mitochondria interactions offers potential therapeutic strategies for cardiac diseases.
  • Further research into this crosstalk is essential for novel drug development.
  • Understanding these molecular mechanisms provides a basis for clinical interventions in heart disease.