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Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

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Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

Enhanced catalytic reaction at an air-liquid-solid triphase interface.

Liping Chen¹, Xinjian Feng¹

¹College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China xjfeng@suda.edu.cn.

Chemical Science

|June 14, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Designing air-liquid-solid triphase interfaces enhances heterogeneous catalysis by improving gaseous reactant transport. This approach boosts efficiency and selectivity in crucial clean energy and synthesis applications.

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Area of Science:

Heterogeneous catalysis
Clean energy technologies
Environmental remediation
Chemical synthesis

Background:

Gaseous reactants are vital for heterogeneous catalysis in clean energy, environmental management, health monitoring, and chemical synthesis.
Traditional liquid-solid diphase systems suffer from low solubility and slow transport of gaseous reactants, limiting reaction efficiency.
Overcoming these limitations is crucial for advancing catalytic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in heterogeneous catalysis focusing on air-liquid-solid triphase interfaces.
To highlight how triphase interfaces overcome the drawbacks of traditional diphase systems for gaseous reactant utilization.
To demonstrate the improved efficiency and selectivity in various catalytic reactions.

Main Methods:

Design and construction of catalytic systems featuring an air-liquid-solid triphase interface.
Analysis of direct gaseous reactant transport from the air phase to the reaction center.
Evaluation of photocatalytic, enzymatic, and (photo)electrochemical reactions involving gaseous reactants like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

Main Results:

The air-liquid-solid triphase interface facilitates direct and efficient transport of gaseous reactants.
This design overcomes the solubility and transport limitations inherent in liquid-solid diphase systems.
Significant improvements in efficiency and/or selectivity were observed for reactions utilizing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

Conclusions:

Constructing air-liquid-solid triphase interfaces is a highly effective strategy for enhancing heterogeneous catalysis.
This approach significantly boosts the performance of photocatalytic, enzymatic, and (photo)electrochemical reactions.
The findings pave the way for more efficient and selective catalytic processes in diverse applications.