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Diffuse Calcinosis from Total Thyroidectomy and Secondary Hypocalcaemia.

Filipa Leal1, Luís Nogueira1, Teresa Martins Mendes1

  • 1Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal.

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
|June 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy can cause hypocalcaemia, leading to brain calcification. This case highlights extensive calcinosis affecting brain and vascular structures, potentially causing transient ischemic attacks.

Keywords:
Hypoparathyroidismbrain calcinosis syndromecerebral calcifications

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder often caused by cervical surgery like thyroidectomy.
  • Post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism incidence ranges from 0.3% to 6.3%.
  • Hypoparathyroidism can lead to basal ganglia calcification, with rare involvement of other brain areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a case of secondary hypocalcaemia presenting with transient ischemic attack (TIA).
  • To investigate extensive calcinosis in brain and vascular structures associated with hypocalcaemia.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with secondary hypocalcaemia.
  • Clinical presentation of TIA.
  • Brain and vascular imaging to identify calcinosis.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with a transient ischemic attack (TIA).
  • Investigations revealed extensive calcinosis affecting both the brain and its vascular structures.
  • The findings suggest a link between hypocalcaemia, calcinosis, and cerebrovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • Iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism following total thyroidectomy is a significant complication.
  • Manifestations of hypocalcaemia range from asymptomatic to life-threatening.
  • Extracerebral calcifications in hypoparathyroidism are under-studied and warrant further investigation.