A higher-rank classification for rust fungi, with notes on genera

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Fungal Taxonomy
• Evolutionary Biology

Background:

• The order Pucciniales, encompassing over 7000 species of rust fungi, presents significant taxonomic challenges across all ranks.
• Existing classification systems require revision to accurately reflect the evolutionary history and diversity of rust fungi.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a robust, higher-rank taxonomic framework for the order Pucciniales.
• To resolve deeper evolutionary nodes within the rust fungus tree of life.
• To propose new taxa and combinations based on comprehensive data.

Main Methods:

• Extensive field sampling over 16 years, including type species for most accepted genera.
• Phylogenetic analysis using three DNA loci to reconstruct the evolutionary history of rust fungi.
• Re-evaluation of higher taxonomic ranks based on morphology, host range, and life cycle data.

Main Results:

• A new classification is proposed, comprising seven suborders (including four new ones) and 18 families (including five new ones).
• Four new genera (Araucariomyces, Neoolivea, Rogerpetersonia, Rossmanomyces) and 21 new combinations are introduced.
• The study provides a refined understanding of the evolutionary diversification within Pucciniales.

Conclusions:

• The proposed taxonomic framework provides a stable and comprehensive classification for rust fungi.
• This work clarifies taxonomic relationships and aids future research into rust fungus evolution and ecology.
• The study highlights the importance of integrated data (morphological, ecological, molecular) for fungal systematics.