Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Determining Ultrasonic Vocalization Preferences in Mice using a Two-choice Playback Test
Published on: September 3, 2015
Differential effects of gender on mismatch negativity to violations of simple and pattern acoustic regularities
Reyhane Toufan1, Maryam Aghamolaei2, Hasan Ashayeri3
1Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Introduction:
The effects of gender on the mismatch negativity (MMN) potential have been studied using simple frequency deviants. However, the effects of gender on MMN to violations of abstract regularities have not yet been studied. Here, we addressed this issue and compared the effects of gender on simple and pattern frequency MMNs.
Methods:
MMN response was recorded from 29 healthy young adults, 14 females (mean age = 26.20 ± 2.17) and 15 males (mean age = 27.57 ± 2.24), using 32 scalp electrodes during simple and pattern frequency oddball paradigms and the mean amplitude, peak latency, and scalp topography of MMN evoked by each paradigm were compared between the two genders.
Results:
The peak latency of simple MMN was significantly longer in females (p < .05); however, its mean amplitude and topography were similar between the two genders (p > .05). There were no significant differences in peak latency, mean amplitude, and scalp topography of pattern MMN between the two genders (p > .05).
Conclusions:
Based on the obtained results, gender differently affects simple and pattern MMN. These findings may provide preliminary evidence for distinct effects of gender on various types of MMN.
Related Concept Videos
Two-Way ANOVA
The two-way ANOVA analysis initially begins by stating the null hypothesis that there is an interaction effect between the two factors of a dataset. This effect can be visualized using line segments formed by joining the...
Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
X-linked Traits
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Sign Test for Matched Pairs
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...

