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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

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Cellular communication network factor 3 in cartilage development and maintenance.

Satoshi Kubota1, Harumi Kawaki2, Bernard Perbal3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. kubota1@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling
|June 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular Communication Network factor (CCN) 3 plays vital roles in skeletal development and cartilage maintenance. This review highlights CCN3

Keywords:
CCN familyCCN3CartilageChondrocytesOsteoarthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cellular Communication Network (CCN) 3 is a multifunctional matricellular protein.
  • CCN3 is implicated in mammalian development, homeostasis, and various diseases.
  • CCN3 is differentially produced in cartilage, a key component of the human skeleton.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular structure and function of CCN3.
  • To summarize recent findings on CCN3 expression regulation.
  • To explore the roles of CCN3 in cartilage development, endochondral ossification, and disorders, with a focus on metabolic regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on CCN3.
  • Analysis of CCN3's molecular structure and known functions.
  • Synthesis of research on CCN3's role in skeletal and cartilage biology.

Main Results:

  • CCN3 exhibits diverse molecular structures and functionalities.
  • CCN3 is crucial for endochondral ossification and cartilage homeostasis.
  • Metabolic regulation significantly influences CCN3's function in cartilage.

Conclusions:

  • CCN3 is a key matricellular regulator in skeletal development and cartilage maintenance.
  • Understanding CCN3's regulation and function is vital for addressing cartilage disorders.
  • Further research into CCN3's metabolic roles can offer therapeutic insights.