Platelet function in patients undergoing surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a comparative study

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Hematology
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Intervention-induced hypercoagulability of platelets can lead to adverse events.
• Platelet activity is a critical factor in cardiovascular interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare periprocedural platelet activity between surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).
• To investigate differences in platelet indices and lipid peroxidation markers post-SAVR versus post-TAVR.

Main Methods:

• 24 patients (12 SAVR, 12 TAVR) were studied, with a mean age of 71 years.
• Evaluated platelet count (PLT), PDW, MPV, MPV/PLT ratio, MDA, and MDA/PLT ratio at four time-points.
• Assessed percentage variations in PLT, PDW, and MPV relative to baseline values.

Main Results:

• Both SAVR and TAVR showed a significant increase in the MPV/PLT ratio post-procedure.
• Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly elevated post-procedure and at 24 hours in both groups.
• SAVR was associated with a significantly higher MDA/PLT ratio 24 hours post-intervention compared to TAVR.

Conclusions:

• Standard SAVR elicits a more pronounced platelet reaction to procedural injury than TAVR.
• The clinical significance of these observed differences in platelet activity requires further investigation into patient outcomes.