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The Sunscreen for Kindergarteners (SKIN) Study trial protocol.

Gun Ho Lee1, Gordon H Bae1, Leandra A Barnes1

  • 1Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 450 Broadway Street, Pavilion C, 2nd Floor - MC5334, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA.

Contemporary Clinical Trials
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Summary

This study tested a fun, song-based sunscreen education program in kindergartners. The goal was to see if young children could learn to apply sunscreen independently, a key step in skin cancer prevention.

Keywords:
Children/youthCompetency-based learningPrimary preventionSunscreenUltraviolet radiation exposure

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Dermatology
  • Public Health Education

Background:

  • Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is a primary modifiable risk factor for skin cancers.
  • Most lifetime UVR exposure occurs before age 20, highlighting a critical period for risk reduction interventions.
  • Integrating skills-based sunscreen education into school curricula can promote consistent and effective sunscreen use in children and adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of implementing a skills-based sunscreen education program in kindergarten classrooms.
  • To evaluate the impact of a song-based, video-guided intervention on children's independent sunscreen application.
  • To gather data on study process, resources, management, scientific outcomes, and safety.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blind, open-label trial involving 96 kindergarten students across four classrooms.
  • A 10-day baseline period followed by a 10-day intervention period, and a 10-day randomized follow-up.
  • Data collection included feasibility metrics, changes in student engagement, sunscreen application coverage, and perceptions of the intervention's value.

Main Results:

  • The study protocol focused on gathering feasibility metrics for implementing the intervention.
  • Primary outcome measured changes in student engagement with the sunscreen application task.
  • Secondary outcome assessed changes in the proportion of exposed skin covered by sunscreen.

Conclusions:

  • This study protocol outlines a novel approach to teaching young children essential skills for sun protection.
  • The findings pave the way for future research evaluating the intervention's efficacy and effectiveness in preventing skin cancer.
  • Early education on sunscreen use is crucial for establishing lifelong healthy sun habits.