Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Quinoxaline-Based Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: Design Strategies, Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Therapeutic Potential in Neurological Disorders: A Review From 1996 to 2026.

ChemMedChem·2026

Same author

Post-extubation pneumothorax following bougie-assisted endotracheal tube exchange.

BMJ case reports·2026

Same author

Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies of novel propargyl-tethered isatin hydrazones as monoamine oxidase inhibitors for Parkinson's disease.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Structural and functional characterization of VapBC52 toxin-antitoxin system from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Same author

Percutaneous Native Kidney Biopsy Complications in Diabetic Patients in the TRIDENT Cohort.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·2026

Same author

Monoamine Oxidase and Cholinesterase Inhibition Profiles of Semicarbazone and Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives.

Chemistry & biodiversity·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

Published on: June 8, 2022

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor modulators: Structural features and recent development.

Bhagyalalitha Meduri¹, Gurubasavaraj Veeranna Pujar¹, T Durai Ananda Kumar¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, 570015 India.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

|June 14, 2021

Summary

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its receptors regulate cell activities, but altered signaling causes diseases like cancer and fibrosis. LPA receptor modulators are promising therapeutic targets for these conditions.

Keywords:

Endothelial differentiating gene G-protein coupled receptors Invasion LPA modulators Lysophosphatidic acid Lysophospholipase D Migration Proliferation

More Related Videos

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs

Published on: February 5, 2022

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

A Pipeline to Investigate the Structures and Signaling Pathways of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors

Published on: June 8, 2022

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs

Construction of Model Lipid Membranes Incorporating G-protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs

Published on: February 5, 2022

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Pharmacology

Background:

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator.
LPA activates six specific G protein-coupled receptors (LPAR1-6).
LPA signaling regulates critical cellular functions including proliferation, survival, and migration.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the physiological and pathological roles of LPA signaling.
To summarize the development of LPA receptor modulators.
To discuss the clinical outcomes of LPA-targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of LPA signaling pathways.
Analysis of LPA receptor modulator structures and patents.
Evaluation of clinical trial data for LPA-modulating drugs.

Main Results:

LPA signaling is implicated in cancer metastasis, fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and inflammation.
Numerous chemical modulators targeting LPA receptors have been developed.
These modulators show potential for treating various LPA-associated pathological conditions.

Conclusions:

LPA receptors represent significant therapeutic targets for diverse diseases.
Development of LPA modulators is advancing, with ongoing investigations into their clinical efficacy.
Targeting LPA signaling offers a promising strategy for managing complex pathological disorders.