Key issues affecting the current status of infectious diseases in Chinese cattle farms and their control through...

Infectious diseases can have a major impact on the profitability of the cattle industry. To determine the occurrence of bovine infectious diseases in China and the adoption of vaccination to control them, a national-wide questionnaire and focus group meeting were performed. The questionnaire was administered to 189 farmers including 93 dairy farmers, 80 beef cattle farmers and 16 yak farmers. Since it is compulsory to vaccinate cattle against foot and mouth disease, the coverage of vaccination to this disease was the highest (100% of dairy and yak farms and 92.5% of beef farms). However, the implementation of vaccination against other diseases was vastly different between cattle types with less than 50% of farms adopting vaccination (except brucellosis vaccine in yak farms). In a focus group meeting of 36 cattle experts on the key issues affecting the frequency of infectious diseases in cattle and the vaccination practices adopted on Chinese cattle farms, the lack of effective vaccines against single or multiple pathogens, a lack of tools for the early and correct diagnosis of disease, difficulties in licensing novel vaccines and diagnostic agents, low efficiency in disseminating knowledge on diseases and control products to producers were identified as key issues. In conclusion, except for FMD, the control of most infectious diseases of cattle in China requires improving. Development of improved control measures and diagnostic tests along with the development and implementation of educational material for producers on cattle diseases should be given priority.