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Auxin Transporters-A Biochemical View
Ulrich Z Hammes1, Angus S Murphy2,3, Claus Schwechheimer1
1Plant Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|June 15, 2021
Summary
Plant development relies on auxin transport, regulated by specific transporter proteins. This review details auxin transporter families, their functions, and regulatory mechanisms in plant growth.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Plant Science
Background:
- Auxin is a key plant hormone regulating development from embryogenesis to fruit formation.
- Cellular auxin levels, controlled by transport, create gradients essential for differentiation.
- Cell-to-cell transport mediated by transporter proteins generates these crucial auxin maxima and minima.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review all identified auxin transporter families in plants.
- To discuss the known functions and characteristics of prominent auxin transporter families.
- To explore the biochemical properties and regulatory mechanisms of these transporters.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of auxin transporter research.
- Identification and categorization of auxin transporter families.
- Analysis of biochemical features and posttranslational modifications.
Main Results:
- Introduction of all known auxin transporter families.
- Detailed discussion of PIN-FORMED exporters, ABCB transporters, and AUX1/LAX importers.
- Overview of transporter regulation via posttranslational modifications and interactors.
Conclusions:
- Auxin transporters are fundamental to plant development and differentiation.
- Understanding transporter families, their biochemistry, and regulation is key to deciphering auxin's role.
- This review provides a comprehensive overview of auxin transport in plants.
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