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Enhanced sensitivity to optimistic cues is manifested in brain structure: a voxel-based morphometry study.

Tatjana Aue1, Mihai Dricu1, Laura Singh1

  • 1Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimism robustness, faster detection of expected outcomes, is linked to brain structure. Gray matter volume in attention regions correlated with this effect, suggesting a neural basis for optimism.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Optimism robustness describes faster detection of congruent outcomes under optimistic cues.
  • This effect suggests a link between expectancy and perceptual processing.
  • Its neural underpinnings, particularly structural correlates, remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the brain structural correlates of optimism robustness.
  • To examine the relationship between optimism robustness and gray matter volume (GMV).
  • To understand the neural basis of how optimistic expectancies influence attention and perception.

Main Methods:

  • Employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to analyze brain structure.
  • Participants performed a visual search task with monetary gain/loss cues (optimistic/pessimistic expectancies).
  • Assessed reaction times for detecting targets congruent or incongruent with induced expectancies.

Main Results:

  • Optimism robustness in reaction times positively correlated with GMV in attention-related regions (medial visual association area, intraparietal sulcus).
  • Increased optimism robustness was associated with decreased GMV in the primary visual cortex.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between optimistic expectancies, attention, and visual perception.

Conclusions:

  • Optimism robustness is associated with specific brain structural patterns.
  • These structural differences in attention and visual processing regions support the role of expectancies in perception.
  • Results may inform the identification of treatment targets for conditions like depression.