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Updated: Nov 2, 2025

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
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Present and Future Spinal Robotic and Enabling Technologies.

Siri Sahib S Khalsa1, Praveen V Mummaneni2, Dean Chou2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Operative Neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)
|June 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal robots are evolving with integrated technologies like 3D imaging and navigation. Future advancements aim to enhance safety, reliability, and efficacy in spinal surgery.

Keywords:
Augmented realityEnabling technologiesIntraoperative imagingMinimally invasive surgeryNavigationRobotic surgerySpine surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery and Medical Technology
  • Robotics in Medicine

Background:

  • Current spinal robots are limited, primarily assisting with pedicle screw placement.
  • Intraoperative imaging technology has advanced, enabling accurate 3D spinal image acquisition for navigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current spinal robot features.
  • To discuss the near-term and long-term advancements of spinal robotic platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of currently available spinal robots.
  • Discussion of enabling technologies such as surgical planning software, computer-assisted navigation, and intraoperative 3D imaging.
  • Analysis of future trends and potential integration of technologies like augmented reality.

Main Results:

  • Spinal robots are currently limited but manufacturers are integrating advanced technologies.
  • Integration of planning software and navigation is expected to increase applicability and value in the near-term.
  • Future spinal robots may incorporate augmented reality and other advanced enabling technologies.

Conclusions:

  • The integration of enabling technologies into spinal robotic systems holds significant potential.
  • Advancements in surgical planning, navigation, and imaging will enhance the safety, consistency, reliability, and efficacy of spinal surgeries.
  • Spinal robotic platforms are poised for substantial evolution, expanding their role in surgical procedures.