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Childhood Adiposity Associated With Expanded Effector Memory CD8+ and Vδ2+Vγ9+ T Cells

Kirsten I M Looman1,2, Susana Santos1,2, Henriette A Moll2

  • 1Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, GD, Rotterdam,the Netherlands.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity may be linked to inflammation, as higher visceral fat in children correlated with increased Vδ2+Vγ9+ and CD8+TEMRO T cells. This suggests early signs of adiposity-related inflammation in the general pediatric population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Adult obesity is linked to chronic low-grade inflammation and increased risk of chronic diseases.
  • It remains unclear if inflammation associated with adiposity is present in childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between child adiposity measures and circulating immune cells.
  • Specifically examining monocytes and T cell subsets (CD4, CD8, γδ T cells).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 890 ten-year-old children in the Generation R Cohort.
  • Assessed body composition using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and MRI (BMI, FMI, visceral fat index, liver fat).
  • Performed detailed immunophenotyping of leukocytes via 11-color flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • Increased fat mass index (FMI) and visceral fat index were associated with higher Vδ2+Vγ9+ and CD8+TEMRO T cells.
  • Higher android-to-gynoid fat ratio correlated with increased Vδ2+Vγ9+ T cells.
  • Liver fat was linked to more CD8+TEMRO cells and fewer Th17 cells; BMI showed no immune cell associations.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated Vδ2+Vγ9+ and CD8+TEMRO T cells in children with higher visceral fat may indicate adiposity-related inflammation.
  • These findings suggest inflammation associated with adiposity is detectable in childhood within a general population.
Abstract

Keywords:
childeffector memory T cellfat massgamma delta T cellinflammationmonocyte

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